How to use this tool: Follows the Gazette of India notification dated 12 March 2024, which supersedes the notification of 4 January 2018 under the RPwD Act, 2016. Enter the findings for each domain. The output is a provisional clinical assessment. Statutory certification under Section 57 must be issued by the constituted Medical Board through swavlambancard.gov.in.
1. Applicant Identifiers
2. Activate Assessment Domain(s)
Tick every domain that applies. Per the 2024 gazette, only individual scores ≥ 25% are included in the composite calculation; ranges (e.g. moderate mental illness 40-70%) are converted to their midpoint for combination.
Locomotor Disability
Sub-pathway: Choose the route that matches the clinical context. Each pathway uses the table or rubric prescribed by the 2024 gazette.
1. Per-Region PPI (combined via gazette pairwise formula)
Region
PPI %
Cap
Right Upper Limb
90
Left Upper Limb
90
Right Lower Limb
100
Left Lower Limb
100
Spine
40
Cap: Upper limb max 90%, lower limb max 100%, spine max 40% per the 2024 gazette schedule.
2. Upper-Limb Amputation Level (2024 Gazette Schedule, p. 466)
3. Lower-Limb Amputation Level (2024 Gazette Schedule, p. 467)
GMFCS classifies gross motor function (5 levels). MACS classifies manual ability (5 levels). Final disability is the combination of the two using the gazette pairwise formula.
5. Muscular Dystrophy: Multi-System (review every 5 years)
Per 2024 gazette: Score weakness, contractures, scoliosis, cardiac, pulmonary involvement separately, then combine via pairwise formula.
System
Severity
Weakness(MRC-based proximal)
Contractures
Scoliosis
Cardiac(NYHA)
Pulmonary(FVC % predicted)
6. Leprosy-Cured Person
7. Dwarfism
Adult height ≤ 4'10" (147 cm) qualifies as dwarfism under the RPwD Act 2016 schedule.
8. Acid Attack Survivor
Per the gazette, an acid attack survivor is granted a minimum 50% disability irrespective of measurable functional loss.
Visual Impairment
2024 Update: Visual disability is now a 2-D matrix lookup: Right Eye BCVA × Left Eye BCVA gives the acuity %, and a separate Right Field × Left Field matrix gives the field %. Final visual disability = maximum of the two.
9. Best-Corrected Visual Acuity
10. Field of Vision (around centre of fixation)
Live readout:Acuity: 0% ·
Field: 0% ·
Final: 0%
Hearing Impairment
2024 Method: Calculate PTA average for each ear separately at 500 / 1000 / 2000 / 4000 Hz. Each ear's % is read from the gazette ready-reckoner, then binaural % = (5 × better% + worse%) / 6.
Live readout:Right: 0% ·
Left: 0% ·
Binaural: 0%
Whenever there is no response at any frequency, ACT is taken as 95 dB. Mild loss (26-40 dB) maps to 1-8% on the reckoner.
Speech & Language Disability
2024 Formulae: • Speech: % = (2 × upper-range SIA + upper-range OVCA) / 3
• Language (post-stroke aphasia): from WAB Aphasia Quotient ready-reckoner.
Live readout:0%
Intellectual Disability (VSMS-based, 2024)
2024 Major Change: The 2024 gazette assigns disability % directly from VSMS Social Quotient, not IQ alone. IQ may still be tested using BKT / WISC-IV / MISIC / NIEPID for diagnostic purposes, but the disability percentage flows from VSMS. Minimum certifiable age is now 1 completed year.
VSMS Score
Severity
Disability %
0-20
Profound
100%
21-35
Severe
90%
36-54
Moderate
75%
55-69
Mild
50%
70-84
Borderline
25%
≥ 85
Normal
0%
Specific Learning Disability
2024: SLD has a fixed 40% disability when all criteria are met. Diagnosis is via NIMHANS battery or GLAD; certification at age 8 / Class III; re-cert at Class X & XII; lifelong at 18.
Autism Spectrum Disorder
2024: Children < 6 yr are assessed using AIIMS-modified INCLEN (DSM-5) and given automatic 60-79% (Moderate). Children ≥ 6 yr use ISAA. Re-assessment at 18 yr is lifelong.
ISAA Score
Severity
Disability %
70-106
Mild Autism
40-59% (mid 50%)
107-153
Moderate Autism
60-79% (mid 70%)
> 153
Severe Autism
≥ 80% (90%)
Mental Illness: IDEAS Scale
IDEAS: Score four domains 0-4 each, then add a duration weight. Minimum 2 years of illness on standard treatment required for permanent certification (Board may permit shorter for severe / profound).
Duration cut-off: Illness < 2 yr only qualifies for time-validity certificate (max 2 yr) unless severity is severe / profound, where Board may consider permanent.
Chronic Neurological Conditions
2024: Permanent neurological impairment lasting > 3 months. Combine sub-impairments using the within-neurological pairwise formula a + b(90-a)/90. Add 10% for dominant UE involvement; up to +10% for sensory loss per limb. Max 100%.
Live Combined Disability:0% · Below benchmark
UDID Card: Mandatory from 1 April 2024
The Department of Empowerment of Persons with Disabilities (DEPwD) made the UDID / Swavlamban Card mandatory for most central and state benefit schemes effective 1 April 2024. The portal is swavlambancard.gov.in. The provisional clinical assessment synthesised here is Step 2 of the official 6-step pathway.
11. Step 1 · Online Application
Applicant (or guardian) registers at swavlambancard.gov.in with name, Aadhaar, address proof, photograph, and a tentative disability category. A unique enrolment number is generated.
12. Step 2 · Provisional Clinical Evaluation
A registered medical practitioner examines the applicant, performs domain-specific tests (PTA per ear, BCVA both eyes, VSMS, IDEAS, ISAA, GMFCS, mRS, etc.) and uses the 2024 gazette assessment tables to derive a provisional percentage. This is exactly what the present module synthesises.
13. Step 3 · Medical Board Constitution
For any application crossing the 40% threshold (or for any complex / multi-domain case), the State or District Medical Board must independently verify the assessment. The Board composition is gazette-specific: e.g. for ASD it is Pediatrician + Psychiatrist + Clinical Psychologist + CMO; for hearing it is ENT + Audiologist + CMO.
14. Step 4 · Issuance of Statutory Certificate
The board signs Form V (single disability) or Form VI (multiple disabilities) under Section 57 of the RPwD Act 2016. This is the legal disability certificate; the UDID card is its portable plastic instantiation.
15. Step 5 · UDID Card Generation & Dispatch
The certificate is uploaded to the central UDID portal. A QR-coded card is printed and dispatched to the registered address. The digital version is immediately downloadable from the portal.
16. Step 6 · Validity & Renewal
Validity rules vary by category:
ID, < 5 yr: Temporary GDD certificate, valid 5 years.
ID ≥ 80% (after 5 yr): Renewed at 18, then lifelong.
ID < 80% (after 5 yr): Renewed at 10 yr and 18 yr, then lifelong.
ASD < 6 yr: Temporary; reassess at 6-7 yr; final at 18 yr lifelong.
Mental Illness < 2 yr duration: Time-validity only.
Permanent locomotor (amputation, etc.): Lifetime.
What the Thresholds Provide
17. ≥ 40% (Person with Benchmark Disability)
4% horizontal reservation in higher education and government employment (Section 33 RPwD Act).
Pension and disability allowance under state-specific welfare schemes.
Priority in central housing (PMAY) and bank loans (NHFDC).
18. ≥ 80% (High Support Need)
Recognition under Section 38 RPwD Act: expanded caregiver entitlements.
Higher Section 80U deduction of Rs 1,25,000.
Priority allotment in central / state housing schemes.
Increased pension under most state welfare schemes.
Caregiver allowance in some states.
What the 2024 Gazette Changed
The 12 March 2024 notification supersedes the 4 January 2018 guidelines. Residents must remember the major shifts:
19. Visual is now a 2-D Matrix
No more single "better-eye" lookup. Right Eye BCVA × Left Eye BCVA gives an 8×8 matrix; Right Field × Left Field gives a 3×3 matrix. Final % = max of the two.
20. Hearing uses a Per-dB Reckoner
Each ear gets its own % via a continuous dB→% lookup, then binaural % = (5 × better% + worse%) / 6. Note the deliberate jump from 27% at 59 dB to 40% at 60 dB: this is the gazette's certification threshold.
21. Intellectual Disability is VSMS-based
IQ alone no longer maps to %. The disability percentage flows from the VSMS Social Quotient: 0-20→100%, 21-35→90%, 36-54→75%, 55-69→50%, 70-84→25%. Minimum certifiable age dropped from 5 yr to 1 yr.
22. SLD has a Fixed 40%
Specific Learning Disability is now a single fixed value of 40%, contingent on IQ ≥ 85, exclusion of vision/hearing/emotional disorders, and functioning ≥ 3 SD below current class on NIMHANS battery or GLAD.
Only individual disability scores ≥ 25% are included in the composite calculation.
When a disability is given as a range (e.g. moderate mental illness 40-70%), the midpoint is used (55% for moderate, 85% for severe).
24. Two Different Combining Formulae
Within a neurological domain (e.g. UE + LE in Parkinson's), use a + b(90-a)/90. Across different specified disabilities (e.g. visual + hearing), use a + b(100-a)/100. Don't mix the two!
A patient with 6/6 right and No PL left does not get 100% blindness. They get 30% per the matrix. This is the "one-eyed person" clause, now formally Category II in the 2024 schedule.
28. Hearing: The 60-dB Jump
The reckoner has a deliberate jump from 27% at 59 dB to 40% at 60 dB. This isn't a typo: 60 dB is the gazette's certifiable threshold.
29. Intellectual: VSMS not IQ
A patient with measured IQ 65 but VSMS 75 (high-functioning) gets 25% (Borderline) in 2024, not the 50% that a pure IQ-band lookup would have given. Adaptive function trumps cognitive function.
30. Mental Illness: The 2-Year Floor
2024 added a new wrinkle: even with severe IDEAS scores, the Board may issue only a time-validity certificate if the patient has not received standard-of-care treatment for an adequate duration.
31. Acid Attack & the 50% Floor
An acid attack survivor is granted a minimum 50% disability under the 2024 locomotor schedule, irrespective of measurable functional loss.
32. Cerebral Palsy: GMFCS & MACS Together
2024 prescribes both GMFCS (gross motor) and MACS (manual ability) for CP. Combine them via the pairwise formula. Applicable from age 2 yr.
Common Mistakes Residents Make
Adding percentages. 50% + 50% is not 100% disability. It is 75% via pairwise.
Ignoring the 25% filter. A 10% locomotor finding does NOT contribute to composite under 2024.
Using IQ for ID disability %. Wrong since 2024. Use VSMS.
Single PTA for hearing. Wrong since 2024: per-ear, then (5b + w)/6.
Issuing lifetime validity for fluctuating conditions. Mental illness, paediatric cases and progressive neurology must carry time-bound validity.
Confusing the two combining formulae. /90 within neurological, /100 across different specified disabilities.
Abbreviations:ACT (Air Conduction Threshold) · ADIP (Assistance to Disabled Persons for Aids/Appliances) · ADL (Activities of Daily Living) · AIIMS (All India Institute of Medical Sciences) · ALS-FRS-R (Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Functional Rating Scale, Revised) · AQ (Aphasia Quotient) · ASD (Autism Spectrum Disorder) · BCVA (Best-Corrected Visual Acuity) · BKT (Binet-Kamat Test of Intelligence) · CM (Carpometacarpal) · CMO (Chief Medical Officer) · CP (Cerebral Palsy) · CVA (Cerebrovascular Accident) · DEPwD (Department of Empowerment of Persons with Disabilities) · DIP (Distal Interphalangeal) · DSM-5 (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition) · EDSS (Expanded Disability Status Scale) · ENT (Ear, Nose and Throat) · FVC (Forced Vital Capacity) · GDD (Global Developmental Delay) · GLAD (Grade Level Assessment Device) · GMFCS (Gross Motor Function Classification System) · HMCF (Hand Movements Close to Face) · ICD-10 (International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision) · ID (Intellectual Disability) · IDEAS (Indian Disability Evaluation and Assessment Scale) · INCLEN (International Clinical Epidemiology Network) · IP (Interphalangeal) · IQ (Intelligence Quotient) · ISAA (Indian Scale for Assessment of Autism) · LE (Lower Extremity) · LL (Lower Limb) · MACS (Manual Ability Classification System) · MC (Metacarpal) · MISIC (Malin's Intelligence Scale for Indian Children) · MP (Metacarpophalangeal) · MRC (Medical Research Council (Muscle Power Grade)) · mRS (Modified Rankin Scale) · NHFDC (National Handicapped Finance and Development Corporation) · NIEPID (National Institute for the Empowerment of Persons with Intellectual Disabilities) · NIMHANS (National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences) · NIV (Non-Invasive Ventilation) · NYHA (New York Heart Association) · OVCA (Overall Voice Clarity Affected) · PIP (Proximal Interphalangeal) · PL (Perception of Light) · PMAY (Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana) · PPI (Permanent Physical Impairment) · PTA (Pure-Tone Average, 500/1k/2k/4k Hz) · PwBD (Person with Benchmark Disability) · QR (Quick Response (Code)) · RPwD (Rights of Persons with Disabilities) · SD (Standard Deviation) · SIA (Speech Intelligibility Affected) · SLD (Specific Learning Disability) · TMT (Tarsometatarsal) · UDID (Unique Disability ID) · UE (Upper Extremity) · UL (Upper Limb) · UT (Union Territory) · VSMS (Vineland Social Maturity Scale) · WAB (Western Aphasia Battery) · WISC-IV (Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children, Fourth Edition)
Algorithm References & Evidence Base
Department of Empowerment of Persons with Disabilities, Government of India. Guidelines for the purpose of assessing the extent of specified disabilities under the RPwD Act, 2016. Gazette of India Extraordinary Part II Section 3(ii), No. 1272, dated 14 March 2024 (Notification of 12 March 2024).
Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016 (Act No. 49 of 2016).
Mohan D, Kar N, Subramanian S, et al. Indian Disability Evaluation and Assessment Scale (IDEAS). Indian Psychiatric Society, 2002 (Appendix XIII, 2024 gazette).
Singhi P, Malhi P. Indian Scale for Assessment of Autism (ISAA). NIMHANS, 2009.
Palisano R, Rosenbaum P, et al. GMFCS Expanded and Revised. CanChild, 2007.
Eliasson AC, et al. The Manual Ability Classification System (MACS). Dev Med Child Neurol 2006;48:549-554.
van Swieten JC, et al. Modified Rankin Scale. Stroke 1988;19:604-607.
How to Cite This Tool
AMA Style:
Umakanth S. UDID Disability Percentage Calculator. MEDiscuss. Published 2026. Accessed .
Vancouver Style:
Umakanth S. UDID Disability Percentage Calculator [Internet]. MEDiscuss.org; 2026 [cited ]. Available from:
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